One of the characteristic features of social life in the Arabian Peninsula on the eve of the emergence of Islam on the stage of history was its disorganization. With the advent of Islam, radical changes took place in Arab society. The emergence of this religion created a fundamental change in the life and thinking of not only the Arabs, but also other nationalities that entered the territory of the caliphate. Conquering large territories from Spain to China, the Arabs came face to face with other peoples. Prisoners of war and slaves began to be brought to Islamic cities such as Mecca and Medina. During this period, the Arab-Ajam problem flared up with all its seriousness. The Arabs, who had a superior position in society, considered it important to regulate the relationship with "foreigners" representing higher civilizations, taught the Arab language to the common people, and benefited from their many abilities and knowledge.

From the first years of Islam, the Jews had been regarded as the most important non-Muslim community for the Muslims because they represented the majority of the communities in Medina. The conclusion drawn from the relationship of the Muslims with the Jews is that the Prophet Muhammad intended to preserve the treaty with them until the last moment.  Banū Qaynuqa’ was the first one who breached the treaty, and they followed by Banū Nadir and Banū Qurayza. As the treaty was breached, the Jews Tribes were commanded to leave Medina. Although some Jews were expelled to Khaybar and had settled down here, Muslims captured this place too in a few years. Prophet Muhammad made another treaty which was based on land tax with the Jews who were engaged in farming. They could stay on these territories by paying half of their profit to the Muslims.