The genre of Saghiname in the Eastern poetry and saghiname of Fatali Shah Gajar
Gulnar AGIG

Saghinames, formed in literature as an independent genre of classical poetry
since the Middle Ages, at first glance described the pleasure gatherings but allowed
poets to complain about the turmoil of the historical period, the injustices of the
rulers.
Saghinamas, as a form of expression, are the best real artistic examples that
describe the reality. The fact that this form of poetry usually begins with a request for
wine from saghi, inevitably animates any festive party or tavern in front of the
reader's eyes. In this assembly, where everyone is drunk, the inspired poet evaluates
the opportunity and expresses his thoughts after describing the assembly in a few
verses.
Since the epoch of Nizami Ganjavi, the form of saghinama, which is
occasionally used by poets in classical poetry, has played an important role in the
work of masters of words for centuries. One of the poets who applied to this genre
was Fatali Shah Gajar, the second ruler of the Gajar dynasty and one of the most
talented, productive poets of his period. The saghiname-poem of Fatali Shah
consisting of 95 couplets, is a lyrical-philosophical piece of poetry written in the
traditional form.
Religious and philosophical motives dominated Fatali Shah's creativity. The
praise of the Prophet of Islam and Shiite imams is always visible in his works.
According to the old tradition, in this poems, he mentioned the narration (hadith) of
the Prophet about Hazrat Ali and dedicated dozens of verses to his intelligence and
bravery.
A comparative analysis of the work leads to the conclusion that Fatali Shah
masterfully used the subtleties of the word of the poetry of such great masters as
Firdovsi, Nizami and Hafiz to create a perfect piece of poetry. The work is written in
the traditional style of saghinama – in the form of masnavi and the mutagharib of the
poetic measure. He used artistic means of description, such as allegory, metaphor,
hyperbole and harmonious rhymes appropriately.

Keywords: saghiname, Nizami Ganjavi, Fatali shah Qajar, literary traditions