The fables and satirical poems written by Sayyed Ashrafaddin Gilani
Ilhama Gultekin

The new ideas and ideals created by the Meshrutе revolution had a significant impact on changing the thinking of the Iranian people. Changes in political life were reflected in literature. In that era of historical development, poems and slogans were needed to teach the people, who looked weak and helpless in front of the historical development, to laugh and inspire and create a warlike spirit. The appearance of political satire in this country led to the development of journalism and strengthening democratic Iranian literature. Iranian eminent satirical poet and journalist Sayyed Ashrafaddin Gilani also entered the world of literature during the revolution. Soon, he began to publish his own newspaper, “Nasim-e Šemāl”, under the influence of the magazine “Molla Nasreddin”. In his weekly newspaper, Gilani published his works as well as the translations done by the Azerbaijani poet Mirza Alekper Sabir. Although many of his poems were criticized by the researchers for not signing the source and the author, it is believed that the services of the poet to his homeland and his people remained this fault in the shadows. Gilani's literary heritage has more than 20.000 verses. Gilani's poems can be divided into three parts according to the content: social, political and economic. The main themes of the poet’s socially significant verses were religion, hypocrisy, patriotism, women's freedom and rights, and a call for enlightenment. His poems, published in the “Nasim-e Šemāl”, are one of the most important elements of the national struggle.

In that confusing era, he did not forget the children, he also raised the theme of the fable, which was almost absent in the books of the school of that time, and published a book of 30 fables called "Golzare-edebi" ("Literary garden"). A prominent literary figure, translator and journalist, author of innovative representations of the time, Gilani has not taken his rightful place in the history of Iranian literature yet. He is also of great importance for Azerbaijani literature as an experienced translator of the works of our great poet Sabir.

Keywords: Sayyed Ašraf-al-din Gilani, Nasim-e šemāl, Mirza Alakbar Sabir, Meshrutе, fable, satire